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www.itcon.org - Journal of Information Technology in Construction - ISSN 1874-4753
BIM STANDARDISATION EFFORTS - THE CASE OF SWEDEN
BIM标准化工作（努力）——瑞典的案例
SUBMITTED: October 2014 REVISED: June 2015
PUBLISHED: September 2015 at http://www.itcon.org/2015/21 EDITOR: Turk Ž.
Martin Hooper, PhD Student
Dep. of Design Methodology, Construction Sciences, Lund University, Faculty of Engineering, Lund, Sweden Martin.Hooper@construction.lth.se
SUMMARY: Nations around the world are feverishly developing new standards relating to Building Information Modelling (BIM) in the construction industry which may enable teams to leverage greater value from BIM implementation and model authorship efforts.
摘要:世界各国正在积极开发制定与建筑行业中建筑信息模型(BIM)相关的新标准，该标准可能使团队能够从BIM的实施和模型作者的努力中获得更大的价值。
This study reflects on ongoing standardisation initiatives in Sweden and considers where current research efforts fit in.
这项研究反映了瑞典正在进行的标准化举措，并考虑了当前研究工作的适用情况。
There is limited research presenting stakeholder perceptions on current BIM standardisation efforts whether driven by industry representatives or the research community.
目前的BIM标准化工作，无论是由行业代表还是研究机构推动，利益相关者对于BIM标准化工作的看法都是有限的。
To address this gap, through a national survey, we studied the impact and correlation of particular process-orientated standardisation initiatives and related research efforts within the field of BIM.
为了弥补这一差距，我们通过全国调查，研究了BIM领域内特定的面向过程的标准化举措和相关研究工作的影响和相互关系。
The aim is to determine the level of importance of common themes and establish their legitimacy.
目的是确定共同主题的重要性，确立其合法性。
BIM experts are asked to rank individual standardisation projects and research themes and offer comment on their relevance in a context of national BIM initiatives.
BIM专家被要求对各个标准化项目和研究主题进行排名，并在国家BIM计划的背景下对其相关性进行评论。
In doing so, we capture views on the value and contribution of ongoing BIM standardisation initiatives, are able to position current research efforts within a landscape of other national strategic BIM programmes and gain insight to the level of integration between industry and research communities working in this field.
在这样做的过程中，我们了解了正在进行的BIM标准化计划的价值和贡献，能够把当前的研究工作置于其他国家BIM战略计划的范围内，并深入了解在此工作领域内行业和研究机构之间的整合水平。
We found broad underlying support of the ongoing BIM standardisation efforts happening in Sweden.
我们发现瑞典对正在进行的BIM标准化工作的广泛支持。
Results indicate scepticism over standardised BIM-Planning protocols such as those to be found in the US, but strong support for national BIM guidelines and associated state-driven vision. In addition, respondents highlight a number of alternative standardisation needs that are either missing or low priority on the national BIM standardisation agenda, including requirements management and measures to overcome barriers to BIM.
结果表明，人们对标准化的BIM规划协议（例如在美国发现的协议）持怀疑态度，但有强烈支持国家BIM指南和相关的国家驱动的愿景。 此外，受访者还强调了一些可替代的标准化需求，这些需求在国家BIM标准化议程中要么缺失要么不是很重要，其中包括需求管理和克服BIM障碍的措施。
Difficulties exist in translating standards from theory into practice and more local case examples are needed.
将标准从理论转化为实践存在困难，需要更多的地方案例。
Our findings are important; they tell us which standardisation efforts are important and help us to understand what aspects are essential to support stakeholders in achieving common BIM goals.
我们的发现很重要。 它们告诉我们哪些标准化工作很重要，并帮助我们理解哪些方面对于支持利益相关方实现共同的BIM目标至关重要。
They indicate emerging trends upon which further studies can build and contribute to literature on state-of-theart BIM standardisation.
它们表明了进一步研究可以建立的新兴趋势，并有助于最先进的BIM标准化的文献的编写。
KEYWORDS: BIM, Building Information Modelling, Standards, Standardisation, Research Initiatives.
关键词：BIM，建筑信息模型，标准，标准化，研究计划。
REFERENCE: Martin Hooper (2015). BIM standardisation efforts - the case of Sweden. Journal of Information Technology in Construction (ITcon), Vol. 20, pg. 332-346, http://www.itcon.org/2015/21
参考文献：Martin Hooper（2015）。 BIM标准化工作 - 瑞典的案例。 信息技术在建筑业的应用（ITcon），卷。 20，pg。 332-346，http：//www.itcon.org/2015/21
COPYRIGHT: copy; 2015 The author. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 unported (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
版权所有：copy;2015作者。 这是一个开放获取的文章，根据Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 unported（http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/）的条款分发，允许在任何媒介上进行无限制的使用，分发和复制，只要原创著作被正确引用。
INTRODUCTION （简介）
The construction industry, like many other production industries, is regulated by a myriad of standards, guidelines, codes of practice and regulations.
与许多其他生产行业一样，建筑行业受到无数的标准，指导方针，行为规范和法规的管制。
These enablers and controls make construction projects safer, reduce failures and aim to increase quality (Winch, 2010).
这些促成者和控制使建设项目更安全，故障减少，并质量提高（Winch，2010）。
They also represent and disseminate a collective understanding of the relevant principles applicable to our projects, enable and align stakeholderrsquo;s expectations of project results (PMI, 2008) and aim to render the world equivalent across cultures, time, and geography (Timmermans amp; Epstein, 2010).
他们还代表和传播了对我们项目适用的相关原则的共同理解，使利益相关者对项目成果的期望（PMI，2008）成为可能，并且旨在实现世界中不同文化，时间和地域上的等同（Timmermans＆Epstein，2010）
Be it material strength and suitability, calculation method, quality levels, practice methodolo
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