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Tiago Camarinha Lopes amp; Elizeu Serra de Araujo b
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International Critical Thought
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Marx and Marini on Absolute and
Relative Surplus Value
a
a Instituto de Economia , Universidade Federal de Uberlacirc;ndia ,
Uberlacirc;ndia , Brazil
b Departamento de Economia , Universidade Federal do
Maranhatilde;o , Satilde;o Luiacute;s , Brazil
Published online: 14 Jun 2013.
To cite this article: Tiago Camarinha Lopes amp; Elizeu Serra de Araujo (2013): Marx and Marini on
Absolute and Relative Surplus Value, International Critical Thought, 3:2, 165-182
To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21598282.2013.787272
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International Critical Thought, 2013
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Vol. 3, No. 2, 165–182, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21598282.2013.787272
Marx and Marini on Absolute and Relative Surplus Value
Tiago Camarinha Lopesalowast; and Elizeu Serra de Araujob
a
Instituto de Economia, Universidade Federal de Uberlacirc;ndia, Uberlacirc;ndia, Brazil; bDepartamento de
Economia, Universidade Federal do Maranhatilde;o, Satilde;o Luacute;ıs, Brazil
The paper presents the concepts of absolute and relative surplus value with a view to specifying
how these categories are used by the Latin American Marxist, Ruy Mauro Marini in his theory
of labor power superexploitation and subimperialism. It is argued that both types of extraction
of surplus value are derived logically and historically by Marx. On this basis, the paper explains
the controversy concerning the specificity of the dependent capitalist economy by pointing out
that it has its roots, in theoretical terms, in the question of the generalization of relative surplus
value throughout the entire world, and in practical terms, in the issue of how political action can
construct a socialist society on the periphery of the capitalist system.
Keywords: surplus value; Dependency Theory; reform and revolution; Marx; Marini
1. Introduction
The renewed interest in the work of the great thinkers of Brazil poses crucial questions for the
countryrsquo;s economic and social development in the initial decades of the twenty-first century.
The idea of the Brazilian working class embracing a project to construct society in its own inter-
ests can certainly gain from recovering the theses and debates in which these thinkers were
involved. Rediscovering the intellectual legacy of the Brazilian social scientist Ruy Mauro
Marini, along with studying his activity in elaborating political strategies for the transformation
of Brazil, is part of this fundamental activity for all those committed to construction of this kind.1
This paper deals with two points that arise from the questions raised by Marini, and seeks to
place them in a comprehensible relationship. First, the concepts of absolute surplus value and rela-
tive surplus value are presented from the perspective of restoring Marxrsquo;s original formulation.
The primary objective is thus to establish the role of these two categories both in Capital and
in Marinirsquo;s thought. Thereafter, the focus shifts to the theoretical challenge of linking these theor-
etical categories with the question of capitalist development in the countries of the systemrsquo;s per-
iphery, and in Brazil in particular. Here, the paper aims to show that such theoretical disputes can
only be resolved if there is a link to historical analysis and to actual political strategies that were
implemented.
In this sense, the central argument is that for both Marx and Marini, the categories “absolute
surplus value” and “relative surplus value” have a logical and a historical derivation. It is further
lowast; Corresponding author. Email: tiagocamarinhalopes@gmail.com
1 Ruy Mauro Marini (1932–1997) began his formal studies in law during the 1950s in Rio de Janeiro. In the
1960s, together with other Brazilian academic Marxists, h
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