数字漫画在语言学习中的应用
原文作者：Bill Zimmerman
\
摘要：通过连环漫画来讲述故事是一种加强学生不断涌现的英语语言能力的方法，使语言学习这一困难工作成为一种更愉快的体验。连环画是学习语言的完美工具。每个条带的三个或四个面板提供了一个有限的，可访问的世界，其中有趣或引人注目的人物进行着他们的生活。而在漫画的创作中，学习者会收获积极体验，因而加强了他们所完成的学习。
关键词：数字； 漫画； 语言学习
学习应当是有趣的。
当我还是孩子的时候，我就开始学习如何阅读，同时看着星期日有趣的网页上漂亮的卡通人物。我被要求破译从角色嘴里或头顶上冒出来的白色气球。在任何时候，我都在阅读并且创作自己的漫画。
多年后，我儿时的漫画经验启发了我。作为一个成人班的英语教师，我需要教授其他语言者，并执行扫盲计划。而把漫画作为一种教学资源，，以帮助学生用英语写、读、讲故事。
大约一年前我建立了一个免费网站，叫Make Beliefs Comix使教师、教练和学生创建自己的漫画在线。在那里，他们可以选择提供的许多字符，并填写他们的谈话和思想气球。
一、语言学习者的漫画
通过连环漫画来讲述故事是一种加强学生不断涌现的英语语言能力的方法，使原本困难的语言学习工作成为一种更愉快的体验。
连环漫画是学习语言的完美工具。每个条带的三个或四个面板提供了一个有限的，可访问的世界，其中有趣或引人注目的人物进行着他们的生活。阅读能力有限的读者在处理连环漫画的规模方面并没有不知所措，因为他们可以一书多页。
连环漫画也不需要长句子或段落来讲述一个好故事。人物只需几句话就可以讲述自己的生活，揭示自己的故事。而且，任何人看到一个空白的谈话或思想气球漂浮在一个人物的头上时，就想立即填补它；这样做是讲述一个故事的开始步骤。
通常情况下，在我创建电子漫画生成器之前，我会收集报纸上那些五彩缤纷的纸漫画，加上白色的气球。复印这些无言的条带，并要求学生填写用他们自己的话。
无论你是从网站上使用字符，还是从报纸上剪下它们，你都要用各种各样的情感和表情来塑造人物。例如，把一个生气的角色和一个惊讶的角色放在同一个面板上，并且有一个即时的图形张力设置，笔者需要通过文字来利用和解决。
角色成为替代学生。例如，一个学生可能正在找一份工作，想进行面试，可以建立一个故事，其中一个角色代表他，另一个代表潜在的雇主。在思想和演讲气球中，学生可以练习面试技巧，有利于在面试过程中进行一些能让人信服的谈话。
同样地，一位家长希望在开放的学校晚上与女儿的老师见面，她可以创作一个漫画，在里面练习她将在那天晚上使用的学术词汇。或者，一个经历过胃痛并安排与医生预约的学生，可以练习他所需要表达的伤害病人的医学用语。
二、为什么数码漫画作品最好
随着当下ESOL和扫盲计划的扎还能开，计算机素养被强调重视。鼓励学生去创造一个简单的在线漫画，其本身也提供了一种让学生更加轻松地使用计算机的方法。当他们学会创建一个漫画生成器网站，并且会移动人物和思想周围的气球，也就提高他们相应的电脑技能。
制作连环漫画的过程通常包括学生之间的合作，这点不仅在课堂上，在工作场所也是很重要。在其他时候，使用电脑产生漫画，可为学生提供了一个非常集中和令人满意的个人经验。因为当他们操纵字符和构思的话时，他们将进入到电脑漫画。
这样一个学生进入了自己的世界，她想象的世界。一些老师告诉我，当他们的学生在计算机实验室工作，创作他们的漫画故事，他们几乎听不到声音，这样学生全身心投入于写作和创作过程中。
一些教育专家也在使用计算机生成的漫画，应用于聋哑、自闭症患者和创伤的受害者，帮助他们理解概念和沟通。在课堂上，有些教师采用带情节串连图板来帮助学生理解书本。一个澳大利亚的老师告诉我，比如，她会创作漫画人物故事，帮助学生更好地理解莎士比亚的Romeo和Juliet。
有一位从事自闭症学生工作的老师，她说她用漫画创作脚本来教学生社交技巧，比如如何在结识新朋友时安慰自己。在阅读一本书时，学生可能会使用一个漫画生成器的网站扩展故事。在书本结束之后，让人物角色延续生命继续冒险，甚至会写一个完全不同的结局。更好的是，他们可以使用在线工具来写自己的故事。学生被分配阅读一本书时，可能会创建一个或一系列的漫画，总结了这本书的想法。
教新词汇或语法结构的教育者可能会让学生们创作出一个漫画，让里面的角色使用在课堂上学到的新单词或结构。这是一个更具吸引力的方式，来实践语言以及创造性地写作。而不是在空白页上简单地写出来，作为单独的话。
三、多才多艺的跨越许多年龄范围
家长和孩子在家庭扫盲计划中也可以一起创建故事，打印他们创造的漫画书，或电子邮件给朋友和家人。生成带也成为一种工具，帮助家长和孩子共同工作，并有效地沟通，创造新的东西。其他人也会发现在线漫画资源是被创造出来的。冷静下来一想，玩得高兴是需要学生在课堂上努力奋斗，掌握一门新语言的。
我一直在为那些学习英语作为第二语言的成年学生和那些努力学习英语的人进行工作。一般来说，在向学生展示如何创造漫画时，我经常与他们一起创建一组带有他们想法的漫画。这成为一个伟大的阶级合作。我们会选择一个话题，或者是找工作，或者和朋友交谈，或者去约会，或者期待周末，或者计划一个假期。开始课程或教案的漫画写作部分的另一种方法是使用一个更富有想象力的主题，如旅行到一个神秘的地方，在学校的一天，爱情故事，找到你的勇气，使愿望成真，或一个新的童话故事。
当我工作的时候，我们将一起创建一个故事。首先在每个面板中放置一个或两个字符。人物成为代理人为自己所用，也可以帮助学生解决问题或情况，他们在生活中遇到的问题。实际上，制作漫画提供了一种安全的方式，让学生处理不确定性或问题，或者给他们一个问题。
然后，我可能会在一个谈话气球开始对话，要求学生选择一个字符，并提出了一些对话。然后我会为另一个角色要求更多的对话。然后我们将尝试添加另一个面板移动的故事。后来，当学生开始自己的漫画，我鼓励他们先和伙伴一起工作。这种合作给学生更多的信心和想法，创造一个故事，并在一起工作，学生会提高他们的语言技能。因为他们想出了的那些文字和想法需要表达和执行。通过合作，他们也检查对方的工作。
我记得有一次工作，遇上了一群第一次学习英语的中国、西班牙学生。他们一次合作在线会话差不多花了三个小时，直到他们完全成型，完成他们的漫画故事。而为了提高人物的沟通能力，必须一起交谈和发展对话。
学生们喜欢看他们可以保存他们投资组合完成的漫画。在创造新事物时，有一种生理上的表现，是非常值得的。学生喜欢向他们的家人和朋友展示他们创造了什么。漫画的创作，因此，成为一种积极的体验，许多学生因而加强了他们所完成的学习。
学习一门新语言可能是一项艰巨而令人沮丧的经历，特别是对于生活在一个他们还不会说当地语言的国家。然而我还没有看到一个人会在创造、工作漫画时皱眉流泪。
外文文献出处：Bill Zimmerman. Using Digital Comics for Language Learning[J]. ELearn,2010,2010(1):.
附外文文献原文
Using Digital Comics for Language Learning
By Bill Zimmerman / January 2010
Learning should be fun.
As a kid, I began learning how to read while looking at the beautifully drawn cartoon characters in the Sunday funny pages. I was challenged to decipher the white balloons coming from the characters mouths or above their heads. And in no time, I was reading and creating my own comics.
My experience with comic strips as a child inspired me many years later, as a teacher of adult classes in English for speakers of other languages, and literacy programs, to use them with students as a resource to help them write, read, and tell stories in English.
About year ago I launched a free web site called Make Beliefs Comix to enable teachers, trainers and students to create their own comic strips online. There they can select among the many characters offered and fill in their talk and thought balloons.
Comic Strips for Language Learners
Telling stories by building comic strips is a way to strengthen struggling students emerging English-language skills and make the difficult job of language learning a much more enjoyable experience.
Comic strips are a perfect vehicle for learning a language. Each strips three or four panels provide a finite, accessible world in which funny or compelling characters live and go about their lives. And readers with limited reading skills are not as overwhelmed in dealing with the size of a comic strip as they can be with a book of many pages.
Comic strips also dont require long sentences or paragraphs to tell a good story. Only few words are required for the characters to go about their lives and reveal their stories. And, anyone who sees a blank talk or thought balloon floating over the head of a character wants to fill it in immediately; doing so is the beginning step to tell a story.
Oftentimes, before I ever created an electronic comic strip generator, I would take colorful paper comics from the newspaper, white out the words in the balloons, photocopy these wordless strips, and ask students to fill in the balloons with their own words.
Whether you use characters from a web site or cut them out from a newspaper, you want to use characters with a wide variety of emotions and looks. For example, place an angry looking character into the same panel with a surprised one, and there is an immediate graphical tension set up that the writer will want to exploit and resolve through words.
The characters become surrogates for the students. A stu
剩余内容已隐藏，支付完成后下载完整资料
外文文献出处：Bill Zimmerman. Using Digital Comics for Language Learning[J]. ELearn,2010,2010(1):.
附外文文献原文
Using Digital Comics for Language Learning
By Bill Zimmerman / January 2010
Learning should be fun.
As a kid, I began learning how to read while looking at the beautifully drawn cartoon characters in the Sunday funny pages. I was challenged to decipher the white balloons coming from the characters mouths or above their heads. And in no time, I was reading and creating my own comics.
My experience with comic strips as a child inspired me many years later, as a teacher of adult classes in English for speakers of other languages, and literacy programs, to use them with students as a resource to help them write, read, and tell stories in English.
About year ago I launched a free web site called Make Beliefs Comix to enable teachers, trainers and students to create their own comic strips online. There they can select among the many characters offered and fill in their talk and thought balloons.
Comic Strips for Language Learners
Telling stories by building comic strips is a way to strengthen struggling students emerging English-language skills and make the difficult job of language learning a much more enjoyable experience.
Comic strips are a perfect vehicle for learning a language. Each strips three or four panels provide a finite, accessible world in which funny or compelling characters live and go about their lives. And readers with limited reading skills are not as overwhelmed in dealing with the size of a comic strip as they can be with a book of many pages.
Comic strips also dont require long sentences or paragraphs to tell a good story. Only few words are required for the characters to go about their lives and reveal their stories. And, anyone who sees a blank talk or thought balloon floating over the head of a character wants to fill it in immediately; doing so is the beginning step to tell a story.
Oftentimes, before I ever created an electronic comic strip generator, I would take colorful paper comics from the newspaper, white out the words in the balloons, photocopy these wordless strips, and ask students to fill in the balloons with their own words.
Whether you use characters from a web site or cut them out from a newspaper, you want to use characters with a wide variety of emotions and looks. For example, place an angry looking character into the same panel with a surprised one, and there is an immediate graphical tension set up that the writer will want to exploit and resolve through words.
The characters become surrogates for the students. A student, for example, who might be looking for a job and wants practice interviewing, could set up a story in which one of the characters stands as a surrogate for him and the other represents the potential employer. In the thought and speech balloons, the student can practice interviewing techniques and engage in make-believe conversations that cover the ground one can expect in the interviewing process.
Similarly, a parent who expects to meet her daughters teacher at open school night can create a comic strip in which she practices the academic vocabulary that she will use that evening. Or, a student who has been experiencing stomach pains and has scheduled an appointment with a doctor can practice the medical words he will need to express what is hurting him.
Why Digital Comics Work Best
With computer literacy so emphasized today in ESOL and literacy programs, the very act of encouraging a student to create a simple comic strip online also provides a way for students to become more comfortable using computers. As they learn to negotiate a comics generator web site and move characters and thought balloons around, they are also improving their computer skills.
Often the process of creating a comic strip involves collaboration among students, which is important not only in the classroom but also in the workplace. Other times, the use of a computer to generate a comic strip provides students with a very focused and gratifying personal experience as they manipulate characters and conceive of words that they will key into the computerized comic.
A student thus enters her own world, the world of her imagination. Some teachers have told me that when their students are working in the computer lab and creating their comic stories, they can barely hear a sound, so involved are the students in the writing and composing process.
Some educational therapists also use computer-generated comic strips with deaf and autistic people and trauma victims to help them understand concepts and communicate. Some teachers use the strips as storyboards to help students understand books that they are reading in class. One teacher in Australia told me, for instance, that she created storyboards with comic characters to help her students better understand Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet.
One teacher works with autistic students says she uses the comics to create scripts to teach her students social skills, such as comforting themselves when meeting new people. Students reading a book might use a comics-generator site to extend the story by writing about a character whose life and adventures continue after the book is closed, or even to write a different ending. Better yet, they can use the online tool to write their own story. Students who have been assigned a book to read might create a comic strip or series that summarizes the books ideas.
Educators who are teaching new vocabulary or grammatical structures might have students create a comic strip in which the characters use the new words or constructions that have been learned that day in class. Its a much more engaging way to pra
剩余内容已隐藏，支付完成后下载完整资料
资料编号：[284199]，资料为PDF文档或Word文档，PDF文档可免费转换为Word
以上是毕业论文外文翻译，课题毕业论文、任务书、文献综述、开题报告、程序设计、图纸设计等资料可联系客服协助查找。
