题目 |
Ifrs 15 Early Adoption And Accounting Information: Case Of Real Estate Companies In Dubai |
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作者 |
Nadia Sbei Trabelsi |
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刊名 |
Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal |
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来源数据库 |
Academy of Accounting amp; Financial Studies Journal, 2018, 22(1). |
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原始语种摘要 |
The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) has published in 2014 a new standard, IFRS 15 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”. It replaces IAS 18 “Revenue” and IAS 11 “Construction Contracts” in order to provide a single comprehensive model of accounting for revenue. Entities are required to adopt IFRS 15 for periods beginning on or after January 2018 with early adoption allowed. The objective of this paper is to analyze the impact of the early adoption of IFRS 15 by Real Estate Companies (REC) on accounting information disclosed. The study is covering REC listed in Dubai Financial Market (DFM) using IFRS 15 to prepare their consolidated financial statements in 2015. The application of the five-step model for revenue recognition is expected to result in a material effect on accounting numbers. Results indicate that early adoption of IFRS 15 by REC has a significant positive affect on earnings and stockholdersrsquo; equity for all firms analyzed in the paper. The standard has a double favorable effect: revenue is recognized over time in almost all contracts with customers and contract costs are more likely capitalized rather than expensed. Moreover, results show that all the early adopters have selected the modified retrospective approach in order to disclose related information. This research indicates that the application of IFRS 15 by REC in Dubai has resulted in an increase in the measurement of financial indicators: earnings and stockholdersrsquo; equity. |
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关键词 |
IFRS 15, Revenue Recognition, Comparability, Disclosures, Earnings Quality, Real Estate Companies. |
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原始语种正文 节选 |
In May 2014 the IASB and FASB have issued jointly a converged standard on the recognition of revenue from contracts with customers: IFRS 15 which replaces all existing IFRS and US GAAP revenue requirements. The objective of the new standard is to improve the financial reporting of revenue and improve comparability of the top line in financial statements globally. Initially the application of the new standard was required for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2017. The IASB issued an amendment to IFRS 15 deferring the effective date by one year to 2018. The publication of the amendment, Effective Date of IFRS 15, follows from the IASBrsquo;s decision in July 2015 to postpone the effective date by one year, having considered the feedback to its consultation. Companies applying IFRS continue to have the option to apply the standard early. IFRS 15 develops a five-step model applicable to revenue earned from a contract with customer. In main cases, it does not consider the industry or the nature of transaction generating revenue. Compared to current accounting standards related to revenue, the new standard provides guidelines for issues not covered previously. It indicates the accounting treatment for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer and the costs incurred to fulfill a contract with a customer. IFRS 15 is presenting a five-step model that replaces the concept of the “transfer of risks and rewards” by the “transfer of control”. The five-step model can be exposed as follows: Step 1: Identify the Contract(S) With a Customer The contract should be compulsory and have commercial substance regardless its form: written, verbal or implied. The five-step model is applicable to contracts with customers if it is “probable” that the company will collect the consideration to which it is entitled. In order to assess the collection probability, the entity would take into account only the customerrsquo;s ability and intention to pay the consideration when due. IFRS 15 gives detailed guidelines for contract modifications. A modification may be considered as a separate contract or an amendment to the original contract. It depends on situations. Moreover, the standard allows entities to combine two or more contracts that are entered into with the same customer and same time. Step 2: Identify the Separate Performance Obligations in the Contract In the second step, the entity should identify the promised goods and services in the contract. The assessment leads to identify which of the promised goods and services will be considered and so accounted for as a separate performance obligation. In order to perform this step it is essential to assess whether a good or service, or a bundle, is distinct. Several activities can be identified in real estate but not necessary considered as separate performance obligation. For example, in a construction contract, the constructor is responsible for the overall management of the project, procurement of materials, site preparation and foundation pouring, framing and plastering, mechanical and electrical work, installation of fixtures, etc. Revenue recognition will be different if each distinct good or service will be considered as a separate performance obligation. Step 3: Determine the Transaction Price The transaction price represents “The amount of consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to a customer, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties.” To determine the transaction price entities should take into account an estimate of any variable consideration, the fair value of any non-cash consi 全文共16513字,剩余内容已隐藏,支付完成后下载完整资料
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