5D BIM: Creating Cost Certainty and Better Buildings
David Mitchell1
Abstract
This paper looks critically at where BIM implementation is on the pathway and sets out the opportunities that arise when 5D (the linking of cost information to a 3D model) is considered to be more than just a quantity take-off exercise. It proposes a methodology, from a practitionerrsquo;s perspective, for applying 5D BIM to the design and construction of projects with the goal of delivering better buildings with cost certainty. A fundamental of the methodology is to use existing, proven technologies to overcome the problems that exist when the onus is on the BIM author to code model objects in a fashion that estimators can understand. The purpose and intention of this paper is simply to provide context and to start the discussion on what 5D BIM is with a view to developing a mainstream methodology that can be included within a BIM execution plan for a project.
Keywords: 5D BIM, Collaboration, Cost Strategy, Living Cost Planning, Lean Practices.
INTRODUCTION
To date, a lot of the focus on Building Information Modeling (BIM) implementation has simply been about design firms learning how parametric 3D modeling software works.
Design firms have been learning about the capabilities of their chosen BIM authoring tool, gauging the benefits to the firm, achieving a level of confidence in an isolated way and exploring collaborative work flows where information is exchanged in two directions.
Working against an even more collaborative approach is a belief that BIM can only add value to large projects and when Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) is the preferred delivery system. Whilst integration is the long term outcome, industry is currently grappling with the issues surrounding collaboration and is now starting to solve the stumbling blocks of liability, ownership and protection of data and intellectual property. The development of BIM guides and execution plans have made it possible to define expectations and clearly specify design deliverables at the various design stages.
While these developments have been extremely encouraging in the area of 3D design very little development has happened in the fields of 4D - linking time and scheduling data; and
1 Partner amp; 5D Quantity Surveyor; Mitchell Brandtman; 29 Woodstock Road Toowong Qld 4066 Australia; dmitchell@mitbrand.com.
5D - linking cost data to the 3D model. For instance the Veteranrsquo;s Affairs (VA) BIM guide simply refers to a “4D BIM - phasing plan” and the “discretionary additional use” of “5D - Material take-offs and cost estimating”.
For BIM to be truly successful in providing better buildings then all of the Drsquo;s need to be embraced. This paper will concentrate on 5D and what it can do, so that open discussion can occur and as an industry we can shift to practicing 5D and shaping it as a standard practice for the future.
Change and reform in the construction industry is long overdue, the catalysts for change are here and these will be the accelerators that drive the BIM process to become the industry norm rather than the exception.
CATALYST FOR CHANGE
The Global Financial Crisis and world events have made development and construction uncertain. World thinking has changed our behaviours. For the first time in decades people are saving, credit cards are being avoided and there is a growing sense of frugality.
When a consumer decides to spend, it seems that a “saved” dollar is more valuable than a “borrowed” dollar and that a “saved” dollar wonrsquo;t be wasted. Todayrsquo;s consumers are extremely well researched and wonrsquo;t be rushed because there is no compelling reason to buy. There is no fear that prices will rise because competition is rife, in fact delaying the purchase may mean that the product gets cheaper.
So it makes sense to take the time, to be certain that the product is reasonably priced, is of the highest quality and is supported with a strong level of service.
Previously this delay or slowness to purchase was seen as a lack of confidence in the future
– something that will pass but now there is a growing realisation that structural change is occurring and that these conditions are here to stay. There is a new paradigm in play.
For the development and construction industry it is particularly difficult to meet this paradigm because past experience tells us that construction is expensive and it is uncertain. Often a customer does not really visualise what is being built until it is built and there is an expectation that there will be delays and cost increases.
Successful building is about creating certainty - in design, buildability and cost. Wisdom, intelligence and technology can create certainty by getting back to basics and making grounded decisions based on facts.
BIM PATHWAY
At present projects can confidently be managed using a staged and independent process of inputting data into independent models with the parties collaborating but not integrating to use the software in a beneficial way. For example, architects can set their design, engineers
can create the structural framework and air-conditioning contractors can submit their components all independent of each other using different authoring tools. Software, like Navisworks and Solibri, are then used to bring each model together to deliver a coordinated design.
Andrew Gutteridge worked with the Australian Institute of Architects to champion the BIM pathway to provide a logical learning curve for the industry to move from working in isolation to collaboration. The culmination of their work was production of a diagram “Towards Integration” which was later included within the CRC Construction Innovation publication - National Guidelines for Digital Modelling.
剩余内容已隐藏，支付完成后下载完整资料
5D BIM: Creating Cost Certainty and Better Buildings
David Mitchell1
Abstract
This paper looks critically at where BIM implementation is on the pathway and sets out the opportunities that arise when 5D (the linking of cost information to a 3D model) is considered to be more than just a quantity take-off exercise. It proposes a methodology, from a practitionerrsquo;s perspective, for applying 5D BIM to the design and construction of projects with the goal of delivering better buildings with cost certainty. A fundamental of the methodology is to use existing, proven technologies to overcome the problems that exist when the onus is on the BIM author to code model objects in a fashion that estimators can understand. The purpose and intention of this paper is simply to provide context and to start the discussion on what 5D BIM is with a view to developing a mainstream methodology that can be included within a BIM execution plan for a project.
Keywords: 5D BIM, Collaboration, Cost Strategy, Living Cost Planning, Lean Practices.
INTRODUCTION
To date, a lot of the focus on Building Information Modeling (BIM) implementation has simply been about design firms learning how parametric 3D modeling software works.
Design firms have been learning about the capabilities of their chosen BIM authoring tool, gauging the benefits to the firm, achieving a level of confidence in an isolated way and exploring collaborative work flows where information is exchanged in two directions.
Working against an even more collaborative approach is a belief that BIM can only add value to large projects and when Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) is the preferred delivery system. Whilst integration is the long term outcome, industry is currently grappling with the issues surrounding collaboration and is now starting to solve the stumbling blocks of liability, ownership and protection of data and intellectual property. The development of BIM guides and execution plans have made it possible to define expectations and clearly specify design deliverables at the various design stages.
While these developments have been extremely encouraging in the area of 3D design very little development has happened in the fields of 4D - linking time and scheduling data; and
1 Partner amp; 5D Quantity Surveyor; Mitchell Brandtman; 29 Woodstock Road Toowong Qld 4066 Australia; dmitchell@mitbrand.com.
5D - linking cost data to the 3D model. For instance the Veteranrsquo;s Affairs (VA) BIM guide simply refers to a “4D BIM - phasing plan” and the “discretionary additional use” of “5D - Material take-offs and cost estimating”.
For BIM to be truly successful in providing better buildings then all of the Drsquo;s need to be embraced. This paper will concentrate on 5D and what it can do, so that open discussion can occur and as an industry we can shift to practicing 5D and shaping it as a standard practice for the future.
Change and reform in the construction industry is long overdue, the catalysts for change are here and these will be the accelerators that drive the BIM process to become the industry norm rather than the exception.
CATALYST FOR CHANGE
The Global Financial Crisis and world events have made development and construction uncertain. World thinking has changed our behaviours. For the first time in decades people are saving, credit cards are being avoided and there is a growing sense of frugality.
When a consumer decides to spend, it seems that a “saved” dollar is more valuable than a “borrowed” dollar and that a “saved” dollar wonrsquo;t be wasted. Todayrsquo;s consumers are extremely well researched and wonrsquo;t be rushed because there is no compelling reason to buy. There is no fear that prices will rise because competition is rife, in fact delaying the purchase may mean that the product gets cheaper.
So it makes sense to take the time, to be certain that the product is reasonably priced, is of the highest quality and is supported with a strong level of service.
Previously this delay or slowness to purchase was seen as a lack of confidence in the future
– something that will pass but now there is a growing realisation that structural change is occurring and that these conditions are here to stay. There is a new paradigm in play.
For the development and construction industry it is particularly difficult to meet this paradigm because past experience tells us that construction is expensive and it is uncertain. Often a customer does not really visualise what is being built until it is built and there is an expectation that there will be delays and cost increases.
Successful building is about creating certainty - in design, buildability and cost. Wisdom, intelligence and technology can create
剩余内容已隐藏，支付完成后下载完整资料
资料编号：[440299]，资料为PDF文档或Word文档，PDF文档可免费转换为Word
以上是毕业论文外文翻译，课题毕业论文、任务书、文献综述、开题报告、程序设计、图纸设计等资料可联系客服协助查找。
