[01] WANG Yue-chen; JIN Hai-he, Research on the Construction of Social Pension Service System from the Public Governance Perspective [J]. School of Public Management,Inner Mongolia University,2017.
[02] Ying Chen; Xiaosi Xu; Cheng Li, Research on the Construction of Basic Old-Age Service System [J]. Department of Student Affairs, Hebei United University, 2012.
Research on the Construction of Social Pension Service System from the Public Governance Perspective*
Abstract The aging of Chinarsquo;s population is becoming more and more prominent. There are differences in health status, economic level, old-age support wills and psychological needs of the elderly. These differences have led to an increasingly diverse and growing demand for pension services. The pension guarantee in Chinarsquo;s social security system is still at a basic level, has a limited supporting function. There are also some drawbacks to the complementary role played by commercial endowment. Based on the theory of public governance, this paper studies the construction of social pension service system, and tries to solve the problem that meets the diverse needs of the elderly. First of all, this paper expounds the basic construction situation and existing problems of Chinarsquo;s social pension service system, and then further analyzes the main causes of the problems, finally puts forward some ideas of social pension service system construction. This paper proposes to integrate the three models of family endowment, community endowment and institution endowment, and constructs the integrated family - community - institution social pension service model to form a social pension service system that works by government, market, community and family. In this mode, the providers of the old-age service are composed of various cooperating parties. The Medical-Nursing combined social pension service provided can meet the diverse needs of the elderly. Social pension service management information system promotes the effective operation of the pension service system.
Key words Social pension service system, Family-community-institution social pension service model, Medical-Nursing combined social pension service, Public-private partnerships.
1 Introduction
Nowadays, Chinarsquo;s aging population is increasing. By the end of 2015, there were 222 million people over the age of 60, accounting for 16.1 percent of the total population, with 144 million people aged 65 and over, accounting for 10.5 percent of the total population[1]. The aging of Chinarsquo;s population is under the situation of “Getting Old before Being Rich”, imperfect social security system and the weakening of family pension function. The result is that simply relying on family or government pensions has clearly failed to meet the needs of the people. In the first quarter of 2016, Ministry of Civil Affairs made it clear that the “13th Five-Year Plan” should focus on promoting the construction of social pension service system. This information released by the regular press conference can also prove that the construction of Chinarsquo;s social pension service system has become an urgent task. In such a background, the study of Chinese social pension service system construction is helpful for China to further improve the social security system, to better meet the demand of diversified endowment, to emancipate the productive forces, to promote employment by creating social service jobs, and to gradually built up the development pattern of multi-subject common governance with the social pension service as its starting point.
2 Research Overview
In recent years, Chinese scholarsrsquo; research on the Chinese social pension service system can bebroadly summarized into the following types: first, research on different pension service modes; second, empirical research; third, research on demand and supply of social care services.
The research on the mode of social pension service in China is divided into three aspects: home care service, community pension service and institution pension service. Ding Jian-ding (2013) believes that home care service is an important content and method of social care system. Especially in China, which has a tradition of supporting and caring for the elderly, the development and improvement of home-based old-age care services is a way to serve the traditional Chinese culture and suitable for Chinarsquo;s basic national conditions[2]. Community pension service is an old-age service model that relies on the community to provide comprehensive services to the elderly and to provide standardized management for the old-age services provided by the community(Sun Hong-wei, Sun Rui,2013)[3]. Some other scholars have equated home care with community care. For example, Zhang Qi-lin and Zhao Qing (2011) pointed out that community home care is a different kind of old-age pension for traditional family support and institutional pension, which is the focus of Chinarsquo;s promotion of socialization of old-age service[4].It is obvious that compared with the traditional family support, home care service and community pension service has many similar characteristics, and both inseparable, supplement each other to jointly play a role in the process of social endowment service. The difference between institutional pension and home-based pension and community pension is that it is the last resort that people have to choose when home-based pension and community pension are not good enough. Home care and community care can provide t
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