基于GIS三维可视化的研究 在 ArcGIS 和 SketchUp 上外文翻译资料

 2022-08-08 15:28:43

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Chapter 59

Research on GIS 3D Visualization Based

on ArcGIS and SketchUp

Abstract Many specialized agencies start to do basic research of 3D GIS, and a lot of prototypes of 3D GIS were developed today. But, due to most of the traditional modeling software have many defects. So the method of ArcGIS combined with SketchUp is brought forward as a new idea in GIS 3D visualization because ArcGIS has powerful spatial analysis functions, while SketchUp is easy to learn and models quickly. This paper summarized the research status both home and abroad, discussed the application of the technology in various fields, analyzed its advantages and disadvantages, and then explored the development prospect of it.

Keywords ArcGIS · SketchUp · GIS · 3D visualization

59.1 Introduction

With 3D GIS becoming increasingly prevalent, the demand from users is on the increase too: 3D GIS should not only achieve the 3D displaying, but also the spatial analyzing functions. However,the traditional 3D modeling software attached to the specialized modeling and displaying platform generally does not have the function of analysis or conjoint analysis with 2D GIS features. The naissance of SketchUp ESRI makes the joint modeling of ArcGIS and SketchUp become a reality,thereby providing a new way for the development of 3D GIS. Firstly, the ArcGIS software has powerful function of spatial analyzing. Secondly, SketchUp can model rapidly in such fields as architecture, gardens, landscape,interior design, industrial design, and so on, with material and texture to the models. Last but not least, ArcGIS offers interfaces to the SketchUp. So data interchanges easily between them thus laying a foundation for the accurate modeling and spatial analyzing functions of 3D GIS. When analyzed the research status and both the advantages and disadvantages of it, this paper explored the development trend of 3D GIS.

Y. Mu (amp;) · H. Gao

Key Laboratory of Urban and Engineering Management Informationization, Universities in Shandong Ocean University of China, QingDao 266100, China e-mail: myr_jeanine@163.com

Z. Zhong (ed.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Information

Engineering and Applications (IEA) 2012, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 216,

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-4856-2_59, Oacute; Springer-Verlag London 2013

59.2 Research Status of GIS 3D Visualization

3D visualization of GIS, as an important development orientation of GIS, has been a research hotspot [1] since the late 1980s. In 1989, Professor Turner [2] hosted the first specialized meeting of the 3D visualization system supported by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which marked the comprehensive launch-ing of the 3D visualization research. In 1996, the International Map Association and the Association for Computing Machinery SIGGAPH group made a inter-disciplinary collaboration, and developed an action plan [3] called lsquo;lsquo;CartoProjectrsquo;rsquo;, aimed to explore how can the theory and technology of the computer graphics field be effectively applied to the field such as spatial data visualization, desktop virtual reality, cartography, and so on. Henceforth, because of the motive force of demand and the development of computer system, 3D GIS visualization became a research focus gradually. At present, the international community set up many specialized agencies [4] to do basic study in 3D GIS. Moreover, a large number of academic papers about 3D GIS were published, and mass of prototype systems of 3D GIS were developed, which promoted the application of the 3D GIS technology in various fields like mineral resource management, digital cities and so on. However, due to the restriction of spatial database technology, 3D modeling software and GIS software, the development of 3D GIS system has encountered a lot of difficulties, for example, high professional knowledge requirements; mod-eling software is hard to learn; complex modeling process; poor spatial analyzing functions. While SketchUp software is easy to learn with low requirements of professional knowledge. It allows creating, displaying, and modifying 3D texture model in a relatively quick and easy way. At the same time, ArcGIS software has powerful spatial analyzing capabilities, and could exchange data with SketchUp via SketchUp ESRI plugin. Therefore, SketchUp professionals can create accurate 3D textured models based on ArcGIS, while ArcGIS professionals can model using the 3D Analyst extension with the SketchUp models as 3D symbols, or import MultiPatch data which is exported from SketchUp. In summary, the method of ArcGIS combined with SketchUp is a new way to realize 3D GIS visualization,and is attracting more and more researchersrsquo; attention.

59.3 Methodology of the ArcGIS Combined with SketchUp Modeling Technology

59.3.1 Main Modeling Software

The main modeling tools are ArcGIS software, SketchUp software. While they interact via the SketchUp ESRI plugin their features are as follows [5].

  1. ArcGIS software.

ArcMap is a data processing platform with the function of edit, display, query, and analysis to the map; ArcCatalog is a layer manager, mainly used to manage spatial data storage and database design as well as the metadata record, review, and management; ArcScene is a platform for 3D scene. It projects all the data to the spatial reference of current scene, and the scene in ArcScene displays plane projection. So it is suitable for the scene of small area.

2. Google SketchUp software.

SketchUp software is simple ostensibly, but in fact powerful. It can form a program sketch quickly, as well as build, display, and edit the 3D models very soo

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