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STEEL HULL, SUPERSTRUCTURES, DECKHOUSES
2.0 GENERAL
2.0.1 HULL STRUCTURE GENERAL
A global finite element analysis to be performed according to class requirements.
The ship to be of fully welded construction, mild and higher steel, forgings, castings and anti-magnetic material
manufactured in the hull structure and deckhouse to be the quality as required by Classification society:
Before assembly generally thick steel plates of 6mm or more and sections that are to be painted later to be shot-blasted according to Swedish Standard SA 2.5 and painted with 15 micron zinc silicate primer.
In way of compass zone non-magnetic steel plates and sections to be used as required by Rules.
Non- magnetic steel and sections to be applied within 3m around from magnetic compass.(only plate)
Steel plates to be free from lamination and segregation. Visible steel plates at outer shell plating above and below
waterline including boottop belt, bulwark, deckhouses to be smooth without defects or repairs.
Castings and forgings below waterline, such as shaft struts, bossing, rudder horn and stock to be delivered with first class surfaces without pins or blow holes. Sand and slag enclosures to be avoided. Gas cutting notches to be smoothly rounded and uneven spots to be smoothed by grinding.
Care has to be taken to avoid stress concentration due to welding, heating and discontinuity of structure or locked-in stresses.
All non-tight structures to be scalloped out where crossing welded seams and butts, stiffeners, etc.
Scallops to be sufficient in size and numbers to allow free flow of liquids and air escape. Generally it has to be
considered in the design that easy access will be possible to all locations for inspection, maintenance and repair.
All workmanship, including subcontractors#39;, if any, to be of first class quality carried out from qualified and trained persons.
钢制船体，上层建筑，甲板室
2.0 综述
2.0.1 钢制船体综述
根据船级社要求，进行了船体总体有限元分析。
该船体为全焊接结构，按照船级社的质量要求使用轻度高强度钢板，进行锻制和铸造，以及抗磁性材料制造出船体结构和甲板室。
在装配前，根据瑞典SA2.5规范，6mm以上的板材以及型材进行喷丸处理然后涂上15微米硅酸锌底漆
根据规范要求，罗盘区域使用非磁性板材和型材
非磁性钢和板材用于磁罗盘3m半径内（仅仅是板）
钢板不会发生压叠和分离，在水线带上下处的外层板上的可见钢板，舷墙，甲板室打磨光滑得无缺陷。
水线以下的铸件和锻件，例如轴支柱，凸台，舵角和备件，交付时没有针刺或气孔的一级表面，应避免砂和渣壳，气割槽口光滑，半球状不均匀的斑点经过打磨变得光滑。
注意避免由于焊接，加热和结构不连续或锁定应力导致的应力集中。
所有在焊缝和接头、加强筋等交叉处的非紧密结构呈扇形。
应有足够尺寸和数量上的凹坑以允许液体和空气自由流出，且通常在设计中必须考虑到易于进入所有位置以进行检查，维护和修理。
所有做工工艺，包括分包商提供的，都由合格且受过良好培训的人员完成，都具有一流的质量。
2.0.2 SCANTLINGS
All scantlings of hull, superstructures and deckhouse to be in compliance with the Rules of Classification Society for the design draught 9.4m.
2.0.3 VIBRATIONS, STRENGTHENINGS
The Builder has to consider in the design to reduce the vibrations in hull, accommodation and machinery spaces arising from propeller induced vibrations and from main and auxiliary engines etc. at maximum continuous rating condition.
Furthermore Builder has to consider that vibrations arising from deck machinery, bow thruster and other outfit and
equipment will be avoided as far as practicable, necessary heavy constructed foundations, plates of increased thickness and special substructures to be considered in the design as recommended by the respective manufacturer.
All openings in shell plating, decks, bulkheads, etc. to have round edges to avoid stress concentrations and usually some form of compensation to avoid a discontinuity of strength.
Strengthening of car decks to be in compliance with Rules for the following unit weights and loads:
2.0.2 构件尺寸
船体、上层建筑和甲板室中所有构件尺寸均符合船级社对于9.4m设计吃水的规范
2.0.3 振动、强度
建筑师在设计中须考虑在最大持续功率下减少由螺旋桨以及主发动机和辅助发动机等引起的船壳，客舱和机舱的振动。
此外，建筑师必须考虑到，尽可能避免甲板机械，艏侧推和其他设备产生的振动，必要的强结构地基，加厚的板以及特殊的亚结构应考虑各个制造商推荐的设计。
所有外壳板，甲板，舱壁等中的开口具有圆形边缘以避免应力集中以及通常某种形式的补偿来避免强度不连续。
加强汽车甲板以符合以下单位重量和载荷的规则：表略
2.0.4 WELDING
Welding to be executed in compliance with Builder#39;s established modern welding procedure and practice, considering the approval of the Classification Society.
Automatic welding to be practiced to the greatest extent, all welders engaged in the welding to be fully qualified and holding welding certificates from the Classification Society for the type of welding carried out.
Electrodes and other welding material has to be always selected for the special intended purposes.
Requirements for storage transportation and practical using of such electrodes have to be carefully considered by the welders as stated by the manufacturers.
It has to be taken care that wetness will be avoided. Carefully cleaning has to be provided. Slag, spatters, paint and other dirt to be always carefully removed before welding or commencing a new weld run.
Care to be taken in the welding sequence to avoid hull distortion, buckling and dents during construction and later on. Stress concentration due to hard spots and notches and discontinuity of structure or locked-in stresses due to welding sequences and excessive tack welding prior to production welding to be avoided.
Junctions of welding seams to be carefully developed to minimize notch effects.
Minor gaps due to inaccurate alignment may be closed by buttering as far as approved by Class. Larger gaps to be eliminated by placing new strips of at least 300 mm width or by replacing of plating as directed by Class surveyors.
Exposed to weather, including overheads of weather decks, in wet spaces and tanks, stiffeners and beams to be welded continuously at both sides.
考虑船级社的认可，焊接应按照制造商现有的焊接程序和实践执行。
最大程度实行自动焊接，所有从事焊接的焊工都完全具备资质，并持有船级社对该种焊接类型颁发的证书。
焊条和其他焊接材料应使用特殊用途焊条和焊料。
正如制造商所述，对于这种电极储存运输和实际使用的要求须由焊工仔细考虑。
必须注意避免潮湿，必须提供仔细清洁。 炉渣，飞溅，油漆和其他污垢在焊接或开始新的焊接之前应小心地去除。
注意焊接顺序以避免在施工过程中和施工后造成船体扭曲，屈曲和凹陷，应避免由于焊接顺序和在焊接之前的过量点焊而导致的由硬点
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