COD降解菌的筛选及其在石化废水处理中的应用外文翻译资料

 2021-12-20 21:14:14

英语原文共 6 页

1. 介绍

Slaughterhouse waste water can cause serious pollution of the surrounding water environment if it is discharged directly and without disposal. The health of humans, livestock and poultry, and other aquatic organisms can be seriously endangered because of the large number of virulence factors and microorganisms in the waste water that are harmful to human health. If slaughter wastewater is drained into the surrounding water, the dissolved oxygen in the water will be rapidly depleted, causing the fish and aquatic organisms to die of lack of oxygen, because the outward slaughtering wastewater containing harmful substances are mostly easy biodegradable organic matter. At the same time, pathogenic microorganisms will also be produced in large quantities with the waste water discharged into the water, which seriously endangers the health of human beings. Therefore, it is necessary to deal with the wastewater from slaughtering meat processing, remove the pollution caused by waste water and completely eliminate the harm of water environment, so as to protect the ecological environment and human health.

屠宰场废水直接排放而不经处理，会对周围水环境造成严重污染。由于废水中含有大量对人体健康有害的毒性因子和微生物，人类、畜禽等水生生物的健康可能受到严重威胁。如果屠宰废水排入周围水体，水体中的溶解氧会迅速耗尽，导致鱼类和水生生物因缺氧而死亡，因为含有有害物质的对外屠宰废水大多是容易生物降解的有机物。同时，随着废水排入水中，也会产生大量的致病微生物，严重危害人类的健康。因此，有必要对肉类加工过程中的废水进行处理，消除废水造成的污染，彻底消除水环境的危害，从而保护生态环境和人类健康。

Among the various methods proposed for the removal of these compounds, those based on microbial activities are of greater priority. Microbial treatment method is a low cost, no environmental pollution and thorough purification method compared with chemical treatment and physical treatment method in the treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater, will be a main method to solve the slaughterhouse wastewater pollution in the future. The most important is that to have excellent ability of degrading bacteria in microbial treatment method in the process of implementation, using microorganism to degrade organic pollutants in slaughter wastewater is the better method.

在提出的各种去除这些化合物的方法中，基于微生物活动的方法更有优势。在屠宰场废水的处理中，微生物处理方法与化学处理和物理处理方法相比，是一种成本低、无污染、净化彻底的方法，是未来解决屠宰场废水污染的主要方法。最重要的是在微生物处理方法的实施过程中，使用具有高效降解能力的微生物降解屠宰废水中的有机污染物是较好的方法。

Up to now, a large number of bacterial strains capable of degrading COD have been isolated. Most reports have shown that COD-degrading bacteria isolated from different contaminated sites are belonging to various bacterial species, such as ammonia bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria. Overall, slaughter wastewater contains a large amount of nitrogen-containing organic matter such as blood, animal internal organs and hair, and is easy to breed a large number of harmful organisms. Rapid and efficient degradation of slaughter wastewater is of great significance for environmental protection.

到目前为止，已经分离出大量能够降解COD的菌株。大多数报道表明，从不同污染位点分离到的cod降解菌属于不同种类的细菌，如氨细菌、硝化细菌和反硝化细菌。总的来说，屠宰废水中含有大量的含氮有机物，如血液、动物内脏、毛发等，容易滋生大量的有害生物。屠宰废水的快速高效降解对环境保护具有重要意义。

In this study, six high COD degrading bacteria were isolated from slaughter wastewater and identified preliminarily and investigated their ability to remove COD from water. Then, one of them with highest ability to remove COD from water was chosen, which of their physiological and biochemical characteristics were preliminarily studied in this paper.

本研究从屠宰废水中分离出6种高效COD降解菌，并对其去除水中COD的能力进行了初步鉴定。在此基础上，选择了去除水中COD能力最强的一种，并对其生理生化特性进行了初步研究。

2. 材料和方法

2.1隔离源

The slaughter wastewater and sludge contaminated with COD strain were the source for bacterial isolation. Samples were collected into 1000 ml sterilized glass bottles from eight sites in a Hunan meat product Co., Ltd on June 2016, and immediately carried to the laboratory and stored in a refrigerator prior at 4 C to use.

受COD污染的屠宰废水和污泥是细菌分离的来源。样品于2016年6月从湖南某肉制品有限公司8个现场抽取1000 ml保存在无菌玻璃瓶，立即送往实验室，在4℃下放入冰箱保存使用。

2.2菌株富集培养

The slaughterhouse wastewater and sludge mixed samples were taken for 10 ml and filtered with gauze respectively. The samples were diluted and diluted to 10-1 , 10-2 , 10-3 , 10-4 , 10-5 , 10-6 , 10-7 respectively. In the sterile operating table, samples with different dilution concentrations were evenly coated in LB solid medium for 200 lL, and cultured in 32 C incubator for 5–7 d.

将屠宰场废水和污泥混合样品分别取10ml，用纱布过滤。将样品分别稀释至10-1、10-2、10-3、10-4、10-5、10-6、10-7。在无菌手术台中，将不同稀释浓度的样品均匀涂布于200ml的LB固体培养基中，在32 C培养箱中培养5-7 天。

2.3菌株的分离纯化

The colonies were randomly picked enrichment lines separation, then were isolated single colonies obtained further separated to obtain single colonies of pure purification line, then pick a single colony is connected to the LB liquid medium, then add 4 C refrigerator spare.

将菌落随机挑取富集线分离，再将分离得到的单株菌落进一步分离得到单株纯纯化线菌落，再挑取单株菌落连接到LB液体培养基上，然后加入4℃冰箱备用。

2.4菌株COD降解能力的测定

Ammonium sulfate was added to LB culture medium, and the concentration of ammonium sulfate in culture medium was 0.3 g/100 ml under aseptic condition and was used to replace slaughterhouse wastewater, because it was closer to the content of reducing substance in real slaughter wastewater. The 10 ml medium with purified strains were isolated from the slaughter waste water were inoculated in 90 ml LB medium, shaker culture at 32 C, at regular intervals sampling and determination of COD in the medium by potassium permanganate method to calculate the degradation rate and draw the degradation curve.

在LB培养基中添加硫酸铵，在无菌条件下，培养基中硫酸铵浓度为0.3 g/ 100ml，由于硫酸铵更接近实际屠宰废水中还原性物质的含量，所以被用于代替屠宰场废水。10毫升介质与屠宰废水的纯化菌株接种在90毫升LB培养基,在32 ℃摇床中培养,定期采样和并用高锰酸钾法测定COD降解率计算和画出变化曲线。

2.5高COD降解菌的分子生物学鉴定

The bacteria with the highest degradation rate of COD were observed by colony morpHology and Gram staining. Preliminary identification of the strains was conducted according to Bergeyrsquo;s Manual of Systema Bacteriology. Genetic identification of the isolated bacteria was done using 16S rDNA. Bacterial DNA was extracted using Ezup Column Bacteria Genomic DNA Purification Kit, and bacteri

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