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Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine

ISSN: 1536-8378 (Print) 1536-8386 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/iebm20

Effect of long-term exposure of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from Wi-Fi equipment on testes functions

Suleyman Dasdag, Muzaffer Taş, Mehmet Zulkuf Akdag amp; Korkut Yegin

To cite this article: Suleyman Dasdag, Muzaffer Taş, Mehmet Zulkuf Akdag amp; Korkut Yegin (2015) Effect of long-term exposure of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from Wi-

Fi equipment on testes functions, Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, 34:1, 37-42, DOI: 10.3109/15368378.2013.869752

To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.3109/15368378.2013.869752

Published online: 24 Jan 2014.

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ISSN: 1536-8378 (print), 1536-8386 (electronic)

Electromagn Biol Med, 2015; 34(1): 37–42

! 2015 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. DOI: 10.3109/15368378.2013.869752

O R I G I N A L A R T I C L E

Effect of long-term exposure of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from Wi-Fi equipment on testes functions

Suleyman Dasdag1, Muzaffer Ta¸s2, Mehmet Zulkuf Akdag1, and Korkut Yegin3

1Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dicle, Diyarbakir, Turkey, 2Department of Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey, and 3Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, RF Electronics and Radar Research Laboratory, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate long-term effects of radiofrequency radiation (RFR) emitted from a Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) system on testes. The study was carried out on 16 Wistar Albino adult male rats by dividing them into two groups such as sham (n: 8) and exposure (n: 8). Rats in the exposure group were exposed to 2.4 GHz RFR radiation for 24 h/d during 12 months (1 year). The same procedure was applied to the rats in the sham control group except the Wi-Fi system was turned off. Immediately after the last exposure, rats were sacrificed and reproductive organs were removed. Motility (%), concentration ( 106/mL), tail defects (%), head defects (%) and total morphologic defects (%) of sperms and weight of testes (g), left epididymis (g), prostate (g), seminal vesicles (g) were determined. Seminiferous tubules diameter (mm) and tunica albuginea thickness (mm) were also measured. However, the results were evaluated by using Johnsen’s score. Head defects increased in the exposure group (p50.05) while weight of the epididymis and seminal vesicles, seminiferous tubules diameter and tunica albuginea thickness were decreased in the exposure group (p50.01, p50.001, p50.0001). However, other alterations of other parameters were not found significant (p40.05). In conclusion, we observed that long-term exposure of 2.4 GHz RF emitted from Wi-Fi (2420 mW/kg, 1 g average) affects some of the reproductive parameters of male rats. We suggest Wi-Fi users to avoid long-term exposure of RF emissions from Wi-Fi equipment.

Keywords

2.4 GHz Wi-Fi, electromagnetic fields, long-term exposure, radiofrequency, reproduction, testes

History

Received 3 May 2013 Revised 15 November 2013 Accepted 17 November 2013

Published online 21 January 2014

Introduction

Widespread use of wireless technologies such as Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) communication devices has rapidly increased over the past several years. Nowadays, it is very easy to reach access points or Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) in houses, workplaces, public areas, schools, etc. Rapid devel-opment of wireless technologies has increased the environ-mental electromagnetic field (EMF) levels while providing big comfort in our daily life. Even relatively new EMF sources like wireless headphones, wireless printer and hard discs, etc. took place in the workplaces and houses. Therefore, public and scientific awareness that was previously focused on the adverse health effects of EMF emitted from mobile phones has been steadily focusing on biological hazards of wireless equipment such as Wi-Fi. Because the health hazards of these equipment are still unclear, The Council of Europe is recommending restrictions to be put in place on the use of mobile phones and access to the internet in all schools across the continent to protect young children from potentially harmful radiation (Watson, 2011).

Address correspondence to Professor Suleyman Dasdag, Department of Biophysics, Medical School of Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakir, Turkey. Tel: þ90 530 960 21 12. E-mail: sdasdag@gmail.com

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