口腔综合治疗台恒温水控制系统设计外文翻译资料

 2023-02-24 11:17:27

directory

The first chapter introduction 2

1.1 subject background and its significance 2

1.2 the content of the thesis and requirements 2

1.3 subject research plan 3

Chapter 2 design theory basis

2.1 series of AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer is introduced 6

2.2 the photoelectric coupler MOC3041

2.3 the bidirectional thyristor

2.4 shift register 74 ls164

2.5 LED digital display tube

2.6 DS18S20 digital thermometer

10

2.6.1 DS18S20 main features

10

2.6.2 DS18B20 temperature measuring principle

11

Chapter 3, the hardware circuit design

13

3.1 single-chip microcomputer control unit

14

3.2 temperature sampling circuit 14

3.3 display circuit 15

3.3 adjust execution units

16

Chapter 4 the s4.1 the main program flow chart

oftware design 17

4.1 the main program flow chart

17

4.2 the interrupt subroutine flow chart 17

4.3 key flowchart 18

4.4 according to flow chart 19

4.5 PID control calculate way to program 20

Chapter 5 analysis of system debugging and conclusions 21

5.1 the hardware debugging 21

5.2 software debugging 21

5.3 the conclusion analysis 21

Chapter 6 conclusion 23

reference 24

Thank you

25

ABSTRACT: With the computer technology in recent years, the penetration in the social sphere, SCM applications are constantly rapid development, while promoting traditional control detects the rapidly growing updated. In automatic control and real-time detection of microcomputer application system, the microcontroller is often used as a core part only of SCM technology is not enough, but also according to the specific characteristics of the hardware structure and application software objects combine to make perfect.

The major research paper from the automatic thermostat temperature control process, the main application AT89C51, DS18B20, LED digital tube, MOC3041, triac. By collecting temperature DS18B20 digital temperature sensor, a microcontroller as the central controller for data processing and control analysis, and through the four LED digital display real-time temperature and various status values​​, then a single-chip PWM pulse modulated by PWM drive can be silicon-off control, to achieve real-time temperature control.

KEY WORDS: MCU system; sensor; data acquisition; analog-to-digital converter; temperature

The first chapter introduction

1.1 subject background and its significance

With the continuous improvement of living standards, For oral health need some cold water stimulation for the treatment of cases, System adopts multiplex switch on mechanical structure, Operators can direct conversion between completion of warm water and cold water, Used to facilitate the operation of the medical staff. The equipment is small whole, Can be installed directly in the treatment of existing in Taichung, Using 220 value also gradually improve, Oral treatment equipment and the kinds of performance compared to the past also has the very big change. Water has a very important function in the oral treatment, not only used to clean mouth inside, also can be used as a stimulus for medical checks. But before 2005, the production of the vast majority of oral comprehensive treatment by computer are cold water system, in the process of the doctor check on patients of stimulus is bigger, for example in the process of some material of adhesive, if use cold water to wash, bonding area and affected area close to the dental pulp cavity, the patient will feel acid hemp, pain and uncomfortable feeling, influence the efficacy of treatment. For this kind of situation, this paper introduces a kind of DS18B20, AT89C511 as main control unit water in temperature control system, using DSl8820 as temperature acquisition device, according to the normal human oral temperature, water temperature control at 36.5 1 ℃, is suitable for the requirements in the process of medical treatment for warm water. For V alternating current (ac), the overall power consumption of 500 W, the control part of the power is less than l W.

1 hardware design this design USES DS18B20, AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer as the core controller, is a new generation has strong anti-interference, high speed, low power consumption MCU, instruction code is fully compatible with the previous 8051 single-chip computer, the machine cycle can be adjusted to 12 clock or 6 clock, integrates within D MAX810 special reset circuit, and the price is low, more suitable for this design.

1.2 the content of the thesis and requirements

The topic of this graduation design is based on single chip microcomputer temperature control system design. It is the combination of multiple techniques, not only involves software technology, But also the application of electronic technology and single-chip computer application technology organic union, Which also involves the automatic control theory; It is of high precision, less error of measurement and good stability, etc.

1. The subject of the main research content.

In this article to

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目录

第一章 前言 2

1.1课题的背景及其意义 2

1.2课题研究的内容及要求 2

1.3课题的研究方案 3

第2章 设计理论基础 6

2.1 AT89C51系列单片机介绍 6

2.2光电耦合器MOC3041 7

2.3双向可控硅 7

2.4移位寄存器74LS164 8

2.5数码显示管LED 9

2.6数字温度计DS18S20 10

2.6.1 DS18S20的主要特性 10

2.6.2 DS18B20测温原理 11

第3章 硬件电路设计 13

3.1 单片机控制单元 14

3.2 温度采样电路 14

3.3 显示电路 15

3.3 调节执行单元 16

第4章 软件设计 17

4.1主程序流程图 17

4.2中断子程序流程图 17

4.3按键流程图 18

4.4显示流程图 19

4.5 PID控制算法子程序 20

第5章 系统调试及结论分析 21

5.1硬件调试 21

5.2软件调试 21

5.3结论分析 21

第6章 结束语 23

参考文献 24

致谢 25

摘要:近年来随着计算机技术在社会领域的渗透, 单片机的应用也在不断地的快速发展,同时推动传统控制检测日新月益的更新。在自动控制和实时检测的单片机应用系统中,单片机往往是作为一个核心部分,仅单片机方面技术是不够的,还应根据具体硬件结构与应用对象特点的软件结合,以作完善。

本论文从主要研究水温的恒温自动控制过程,主要应用AT89C51、DS18B20、LED数码管、MOC3041、可控硅。通过 DS18B20数字温度传感器采集温度,以单片机为中央控制器进行数据的处理和控制的分析,并通过四位LED数码管显示实时温度和各种状态值,然后单片机调制出PWM脉冲,通过PWM驱动可控硅的通断,实现温度的实时控制。

关键词:单片机系统;传感器;数据采集;模数转换器;温度

ABSTRACT: With the computer technology in recent years, the penetration in the social sphere, SCM applications are constantly rapid development, while promoting traditional control detects the rapidly growing updated. In automatic control and real-time detection of microcomputer application system, the microcontroller is often used as a core part only of SCM technology is not enough, but also according to the specific characteristics of the hardware structure and application software objects combine to make perfect.

The major research paper from the automatic thermostat temperature control process, the main application AT89C51, DS18B20, LED digital tube, MOC3041, triac. By collecting temperature DS18B20 digital temperature sensor, a microcontroller as the central controller for data processing and control analysis, and through the four LED digital display real-time temperature and various status values​​, then a single-chip PWM pulse modulated by PWM drive can be silicon-off control, to achieve real-time temperature control.

KEY WORDS: MCU system; sensor; data acquisition; analog-to-digital converter; temperature

第一章 前言

1.1课题的背景及其意义

21世纪是科学技术高速发展的信息时代,电子技术、单片机技术的应用已经是非常广泛,伴随着科学技术和生产的不断发展,在生产生活中需要对各种参数进行温度测量。因此温度一词在生产生活之中出现的频率日益增多,与之相对应的,温度控制和测量也成为了生活生产中频繁使用技术,同时它们在各行各业中也发挥着非常重要的作用。如在日趋发达的工业领域之中,利用测量与控制温度来保证生产的正常运行。在农业生产中,用于保证蔬菜大棚的恒温保产等。

温度值是表征物体冷热程度的一个物理量,温度的测量则是工农和业生产过程中一个很重要也普遍的参数。温度的测量及控制对保证产品的质量、提高生产的效率、节约能源、安全生产、促进经济的发展起到非常重要的作用。因为温度测量的普遍性,使得温度传感器的数量在各种传感器中居首。并且随着科学技术与生产的不断发展,温度传感器的种类仍然在不断增加和丰富以来满足生产生活中的各种需要。

在单片机温度控制系统中的关键是温度的测量、温度的控制和温度的保持,温度是工业控制对象中主要的被控参数之一。因此,单片机要对温度的测量则是对温度进行有效及准确的测量,并且能够在工业生产中得广泛的应用,尤其在机械制造、电力工程化工生产、冶金工业等重要工业领域中,担负着重要的测量任务。在日常工作和生活中,也被广泛应用于空调器、电加热器等各种室温测量及工业设备的温度测量。但温度是一个模拟量,需要采用适当的技术和元件,将模拟的温度量转化为数字量,才生使用计算机或单片机进行相应的处理。

1.2课题研究的内容及要求

本次毕业设计的题目是基于单片机的恒温控制系统设计。它是多种技术的结合,不仅涉及到软件的技术,而且还将应用电子技术和单片机的应用技术有机结合,其中还涉及自动控制理论;其具有较精度高、测量误差较小、稳定性好等特点。

1.课题的主要研究的内容。

本文所要研究的课题是基于单片机的恒温控制系统设计,主要是介绍了对温度的控制,实现了温度的实时显示与控制。温度控制部分,提出了用DS18B20、AT89C51单片机和LED的硬件电路完成对水温的实时检测及显示,利用DS18B20与单片机连接由软件与硬件电路配合来实现对加热电阻丝的实时控制。而温度控制部分,采用一套PID闭环负反馈控制系统,由DS18B20检测温度,用中值滤波的方法取一个值存入程序存取器内部一个单元作为最后检测信号,并在LED中显示。控制器是用AT89C51单片机,用PID进行调节后输出控制信号给执行机构,去调节电阻炉的加热功率,从而控制温度。每片DS18B20都有唯一的产品号,可以一并存入其ROM中,以便在构成大型温度测控系统时在单线上挂接任意多个DS18B20芯片。从DS18B20读出或写入DS18S20信息仅需要一根口线,其读写及其温度变换功率来源于数据线,该总线本身也可以向所挂接的DS18B20提供电源,不需要额外电源。同时DS18S20能提供九位温度精度,它无需任何外围硬件便可方便地构成温度检测系统。而且本次的设计主要实现温度测试,温度显示,温度控制,超过设定的门限值时自动启动加热装置等功能。而且还要以单片机为主机,使温度传感器通过一根口线与单片机相连接,再加上温度控制部分和人机交互部分来共同实现温度的监测与控制。

2.利用单片机实现其具体控制功能如下:

(1)能够连续测量水的温度值,用十进制LED数码管来显示水的实际温度。

(2)能够设定水的温度值,设定范围是30℃~90℃。

(3)能够实现水温自动控制,如果设定水温在80℃,则能使水温保持恒定在80℃的温度下运行。

(4)使用单片机AT89C51控制,通过输入按键来控制水温的设定值,数值采用LED数码管显示。

1.3课题的研究方案

温度控制系统是比较典型的过程控制系统。温度是工业生产过程中很重要的被控参数,计算机控制技术在这方面的应用,已使温度控制系统达到自动化、智能化,比过去采用电子线路进行PID调节的控制效果要好很多,可控性方面也有了很大的提高。

温度是一个非线性的控制对象,有大惯性的特点,尤其在低温段惯性较大,而在高温段惯性较小。对于这种温控对象,一般认为其具有以下的传递函数形式:

(1-1)

方案一(见图1-1)

图1.1 方案一的流程图

此方案是传统的模拟控制方案,选用模拟电路,用电位器设定值,反馈的温度值和设定值比较后,判定加热或不加热。特点是电路简单,易于实现,但是系统的精度不高并且调节动作频繁,系统的静态差大、不稳定。系统受环境的影响大,不能实现复杂控制算法。并且不能用数码管显示温度值和当前的状态,也不能使用键盘进行设定。

方案二(见图1-2)

图1.2 方案二的流程图

此方案的控制方式是传统的二位式模拟控制方案,其基本思想和方案一相同,但由于采用了上下限比较电路,使得在控制精度上有所提高。这种方法仍然还是模拟控制方式,因此也很难能实现复杂的控制算法使的控制的精度做得较高,并且不能用数码管显示温度值和当前的状态,也不能使用键盘进行设定。

方案三(见图1-3)

图1.3 方案三的流程图

该方案采用AT89C51单片机系统来实现检测和控制的,软件编程灵活、自由度大,可用软件编程设计实现各种控制算法以及逻辑控制,进而获得比极高的控制精度。该系统可以用数码管来显示温读的实际值和各种状态,可用键盘输入设定值。本方案选用了AT89C51芯片,不需要外扩展存储器,很多硬件设备也都集成到了AT89C51的内部,使系统整体结构更简单,实现更加容易。

结论:前两种方案是比较传统的模拟控制方式,模拟控制系统难以实现复杂的控制规律,无法获取

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