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Graphic Design Theory Research and Application in Packaging Technology
Abstract
Keywords
Graphic Design, Theory, Packaging, Packaging Technology, Brand
Graphic design theory research examines how designers can read about and read into designs in order to stimulate growth and change in their own work. It inspires new lines of thoughts and questioning, and opens up new theoretical directions. This study sought to establish the significance and application of graphic design theories in product packaging technology, as packages have minimal time to achieve the goals for which they were created. It therefore generally examined graphic design theories used in day-to-day activities ofgraphic designers. Adopting a descriptive approach, a sample size of 450 respondents was taken in the Federal University of Technology Akure, with valid responses of 450. Following one hypothesis testing, the study showed a significant relationship between usage and application of graphic design theories and the creation of attractive graphic package designs. The study revealed that creative graphic designers often apply graphic design theories in creating package designs, and that package designs are more appealing or attractive with the application of graphic design theories. It established that graphic design theories guide effective consumer product package designers, both in growth and in practice.
1. Introduction
The major purpose of design is to create products, documents, illustrations, publications and, most importantly, product packages that possess strong visual impact and hold the attention of the viewers or consumers, so as to positively influence their buying behaviour. Product packages perform important roles inconsumers purchase decisions (Poturak, 2014). It is the main way that products are advertised and identified (Ryan, 2011). It plays a major role in the success of any product or brand, hence, the need for proper packaging of products. However, packaging designs are not just done haphazardly. There are various theories and principles guiding the creation of effective package designs or package technology. This study evaluates, from the consumers perspective, the extent to which graphic theories and principles are generally put into practice in the creation of packaging designs.Since theory is any system of ideas that help explain or speculate about why we do the things we do (Cezzar, 2014); therefore, this study views graphic design theory as any system of ideas that helps speculate or explain why designers do the things they do while designing. While graphic design theories are unique to graphic designs, graphic designers, however, regularly read and incorporate theories, or selective elements from such theories, from other areas of study such as art, architecture, economics, anthropology, sociology, technology or science. Reading and writing design theories is how designers speak to each other about the things that matter, and discover commonalities beyond day-to-day questions about business or technique. Theories also shift, and are built with culture and technology, as new relationships, tools and modes of consumption create new questions.Over the years, despite the vast increase in the number of graphics designers, the world and its design problems have become more complex, and several approaches to solve these problems have proven to be relatively inefficient due to the ineffective use of knowledge or skill gained from experienced graphic designers. Perhaps, this points to the vital role that design terms and figures might have to play in improving the design discipline not only by encouraging continuity in skills and professionalism, but also by fostering future development. As the graphic design discipline evolves, intellectual issues come into focus, and the outcomes of systematic inquiry grow in importance (Zimmerman amp;Forlizzi, 2008). Design research is about observing existing and created design practices, formulating design theories and models for describing and improving design practices, and evaluating these design theories and models (Vermaas, Chakrabarti, amp; Blessing, 2014). However, this study is not aimed at evaluating design theories; instead, it investigates graphic design theories and the very important role they play in packaging technology, as viewed by the students of the department of Industrial Design, Federal University of Technology, Akure. The researchers evaluate the level of adaptation or usage of a collection of selected design theories and practices as evident in design outputs, e.g.product package designs. This was evaluated from the perception of the consumers with appreciable knowledge of design theories a
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